John r



(No Model.)

J. R. REYNOLDS 8a A. I. JACOBS.

METHOD OF SEWING BOOKS.

Patented Sept. 2, 1890.

0., WASNINGTON n c UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN R. REYNOLDS AND ARTHUR I. JACOBS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE SMYTII MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OF SEWING BOOKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 435,612, dated September 2, 1890.

Application filed November 21, 1888. Serial No. 291,442. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHN R. REYNOLDS and ARTHUR I. JACOBS, both of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in the Method of Sewing Books; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Books have been sewed by the action of needles passing longitudinallywithin theback fold of. the signature, and also by needles entering from the outside through the back fold of such signature, and such needles have been curved, as in Letters Patent Nos. 338,000, 358,572, and 378,461, and in some cases the needles have been straight.

In Letters Patent No. 366,793, granted July 19, 1887, to J. R. Reynolds, there are perforators that are thrust from the inside of the fold at the back of the signature through the paper, so that saw-cuts may be rendered unnecessary and the sewing-needles can pass freely through the holes thus perforated. We make use of hooked perforators that are thrust from within the fold of the signature through the back, and these form the subject of an application, Serial No. 291,441, filed simultaneously with the present application, and this division of our invention relates to the method of performing the sewing operation; and it consists in perforating each signature in succession from within outwardly through the folded-back portion, laying threads from one signature to the next, drawing down the threads in the form of loops within the folds of the signatures, passing sewingthreads longitudinally of the signatures and through the aforesaid loops, and drawing taut the various loopsand threads, thereby avoiding the difficulties experienced in the method of sewing heretofore pursued.

In the drawings,Figure lis adiagrammatic View of the threads as they appear in our improved method of sewing. Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrammatic views illustrating the method of sewing.

a a represent by dotted lines the signatures of the book.

1) represents by dotted lines the tape or strapping which passes across the back of the various signatures, and which we may desire to secure in place.

0 represents by dotted lines the hooking devices, and this strapping may lie directly upon the back of the book or in a groove made across 5: the back of the signatures. The thread d passes from one signature to the next signature as the curved needle of the aforesaid patents operates, the lances 2 of the signature-bar, as shown in Patent No. 366,793, puncturing the back of the signature and the sewing-needle entering the holes made and carrying the double thread longitudinally through a portion of the length of the signature and out of its back at the lance-hole at a point where the loop (1 is formed, which loop passes through the loop held by the looper and coming from the signature previously sewed, the double thread 6 being left in each signature.

In Fig. 2 we have shown one hooking device, and in Fig. 3 two of said hooking devices, set back to back, the operation being practically the same whether one hooking device or two are employed, the thread f in Fig. 2 passing from the back of one signature across the tape b andinto the other signature and around the double thread 6, the threads f f in Fig. 3 passing from the back of one signature and over the tape or strap 1), crossing in opposite directions and entering another signature,and each thread having a loop passing aroundthe double thread e, the thread f in Fig. 1 being shown as tightly drawn around the double threads 6.

The method of sewing is as follows: The signatures to be sewed are one at a time supported by a bar and fed up'into the machine, as described in the aforesaid patents, and the hooking devices 0, which are adapted to pass through said sign ature-holding bar, are forced upwardly through the back of each signature from within the same bysuch a bar and devices for operating the same as is described in Patent No. 366,793 before the sewing-needle penetrates, and when the ends of said hooking devices project above the back of the signature the thread is, passed around each one by a looper or vibrating arm and eye of any wellknown description, such as that shown and described in Patent No. 338,000. The hooking devices are then drawn into the signature below the point at which the needles pass, and as the needles pass into and through each signature with their double thread e they pass through the loops of thread f f, which are around the hooking devices, and as said needles pass out of the back of said signatures the loop 01 is formed and the looping from signature to signature takes place. The curved needles are now withdrawn from the signatures, leaving horizontally within the same and through the loops of thread 1 f the double threads e, after which the loops of thread f f are drawn taut by an ordinary take-up mechanismsuch, for instance, as shown in Patent No. 37 8,461the threads e also being drawn taut and the sewing devices passing to the next signature to perform the sewing operations in the same manner as just described.

We are aware that heretofore in sewing books needles carrying threads have been pressed into the back of the signatures from above, and a thread from a carrier or shuttle has been introduced through the loops of thread alongside of the needle; but such mechanism was very liable to become out of order that set forth by us herein; but a different method or mode of operation is set forth. We do not lay claim to the peculiar stitch or interlocking of threads in book-sewing herein shown.

We claim as our invention- 1. The method herein specified of sewing books, consisting in perforating each signature in succession from Within outwardly through the folded back portion, laying threads from one signature to the next, drawing down the threads in the form of loops within the folds of the signatures, passing sewing-threads longitudinally of the sigma tures and through the aforesaid loops, and drawing taut the various loops and threads, substantially as set forth.

2. The method herein specified of sewing books, consisting in laying tapes across the folded-back portions of the signatures, perforating each signature in succession from within outwardly through the folded-back portion and at opposite sides of the tapes, laying threads diagonally across the tapes from one signature to the next, drawing down the threads at opposite edges of the tapes in the form of loops Within the folds of the signatures, passing sewing-threads longitudinally of the signatures and through the aforesaid loops, and drawing taut the various loops and threads, substantially as set forth.

Signed Joy us this 10th day of October, A. D. 1888.

JNO. R. REYNOLDS. ARTHUR I. JACOBS.

Vvitnesses:

CHARLES E. PARKER, W. B. MOORAY. 

